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David Kilpatrick, second from the bottom on the right of this screen shot, shows a slide on how we ‘map’ words during an online seminary on literacy teaching co-hosted by Hanover Area School District.
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How many words do you know without thinking about it? (Answer: 30,000 to 70,000).
How many times do kids (or you) need to be exposed to a word to make it part of your lexicon ? (Answer: From second grade up, 1 to 4 times).
How fast does your brain recognize words? (Answer: 1/20th of a second).
School psychologist/university professor and noted reading researcher David Kilpatrick covered these and a wide range of other topics in an online presentation co-hosted by Hanover Area School District Thursday that drew hundreds of educators in the region who wanted to learn, as the presentation was titled, “What Educational Administrators Need to Know about literacy.”
Kilpatrick started with the most basic — and maybe most mistaken — notion: We don’t write words, we write phonemes, representation of the sound of a single syllable. He contrasted this with learning Chinese, where the symbols represent words and readers must memorize thousands of characters.
“When we read we’re not sounding out words as we go along, the words are popping out at us,” because we recognize the phonemes represented by the letters.
The success of learning to read by phonemes is evident in how fast children expand vocabularies. “Believe it or not, from second grade on, children only need to see brand new words one to four times, that’s it,” he said. “If that seems kind of surprising, consider kids might go from kindergarten to first grade and know, what, 50 words? 100 word? 200 words? But then they enter third grade two years later and now they know anywhere from two to four or five thousand words.”
Learning words as phonemes also makes it easier to figure out new words in context of a sentence, he added, sounding the words out and then getting the meaning from use in the document. “Children good at sounding out words are also good at remembering words.”
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